BBC NEWS ANALYSIS

      What techniques are used to establish the texts genre?

There are many different techniques that are used to establish this texts genre for example, the question and answers time make it obvious that it is a documentary genre as they are asking him questions and it is a real life situation, this is not made for the viewer’s eyes as everything that has been shown was done. Another way this is shown to be a documentary is by the use of a voice over, this voice over narrates everything that is being done and had been done and anchors the images for example before they were asking Rupert Murdoch the questions they had a shot on a telephone and the narrator was telling the audience about the phone hacking scandal this was at 2.15 minutes, this engages the audience as then the audience will know what is going on exactly and how everything had started. This links to Blumler and Katz uses and gratifications theory as the hard news is informing and education the audiences about what is happening around the world.

      How are people represented in the extract?

In this text people are represented in sophisticated ways, the main presenter that is there at the beginning of the news is very serious. He is wearing a grey suit which connotes him being a very top class man and has very strong emotions. This could also connote that he might be wearing the uniform for the corporate news world. He is dressed very smart and looks very neat so that he is presentable for the show; this shows that BBC news is disciplined and is very serious about the way they look. The lady that is also shown at 0.58 seconds is also dressed in a dark grey suit, this connotes that grey could be the corporate uniform as mentioned before. BBC shows women as independent people as people normally see women as a piece of eye candy and just something to fantasize about, but in this text women are shown to be independent and are shown to be strong leaders.

 As seen in this extract the BBC only employ people that can talk English without an accent, this is represented in a bad way although they have different race people they do not employ anyone with a bit of an accent, this could offend many people as they might have the knowledge and might know everything about the news but might not get employed because they might not have the “English accent”. Another way people are represented in this is by being rich and wealthy, this is because at 0.09 seconds the audience is informed that Rupert Murdoch is a wealthy man and he is shown in his car with his wife and they both do not pay any attention to the camera, this makes the look as if they are to rich and to important to look at a camera.

3    How is this text typical of BBC output?

This extract is typical of the BBC output as they have the logo on the top left hand side, every episode and every time the news is on the logo is always on the top left hand side. The BBC logo is there so that if audiences were to miss the news and were to watch it on streaming sites such as YouTube and BBC iplayer the audience would know that it is by BBC and therefore the audience would watch the news on the channel. The sound used in this text is non digetic as the introduction sound is loud and it adds a lot of effect to the dialogue. In this extract the same people are used on a daily basis, the people that are used are professional and have been working with new report shows for a matter of years.

As seen the only people that every work with BBC are people with an “English accent” this shows the world that these news corporation sites are not racist as they have multicultural people presenting for them but on the other hand the new reporters have to know proper English and must have an English accent to work with the BBC. The structure is always the same with the BBC as they always have a little intro with non diegtic sound but always go straight into the story, from here the main introduction comes and then they talk about the main story first. The BBC does not wait and introduce themselves to the audience but waste no time and go straight into the story.   

4      Who are the target audience and what uses and gratifications does the text offer?

The target audience for this extract are people who want to know what’s going on in the world and how much the world is changing. Many different age groups watch BBC news from 14 onwards.  The social class that mainly watch the news is B/C this is because they can watch television at home and they have the time to watch it, on the other hand BBC news are also on the radio so people can listen to the news whilst at work or driving somewhere as well. The psychographics of this target audience are all varied as all sorts of people can listen to the news educated or people that are not educated as they can tune in to the radio or can listen to it at work. Most people watch the news when they come home and it’s on the television. BBC is also on free view so that people get trapped in and so that they get more viewers than others news channels such as sky news.    

Sacha Baron Cohen

Media Forms: How does the extract use media language to establish the programme’s genre?

Media Representations: How is ethnicity represented in the extract?

Media Institutions: In what ways is the extract typical of the Hollywood film industry?

Media Audiences: In what ways does the extract promote film to audiences?

1)      This extract establishes the programmes genre by using an accent which makes the audience laugh. It also establishes the genre by Sacha Baron Cohen coming dressed as the role he plays in his new film ‘the dictator’. It also establishes the programmes genre as what Sacha is wearing connotes he is very strict and is also a very important person but as soon as he talks the audience realise that he is funny and is playing a comedy role. It also establishes the genre as it Sacha comes to the Oscars with a urn of Kim Joggel ashes as apparently he had always wanted to come to the Oscars. This shows that it is a comedy film as he had brought an urn to the Oscars. 

2)      Ethnicity is represented in the extract as Sacha Baron Cohen’s outfit connotes a typical Arab dictator as he is wearing white which does symbolise innocence and being noble which is what is usually wanted. He also connotes an Arab dictator with the long beard and the accent as it is how people in Arab countries talk.  Personally I believe that Sacha Baron Cohen had played this role in the film because of the recent Arab Spring. The Arab Spring refers to the pro-democracy uprisings currently sweeping the Middle East and North Africa.The way Sacha is also dressed represents a dictator as he is dressed very smart and has got badges on his chest. Ethnicity is represented by the way Sacha is dressed and the way Sacha talks. Some people might find this racist but must also realise that the media always stereotypes.

3)      This extract is typical of the Hollywood film industry as they had the red carpet which shows Hollywood and that it was an important event where there were many celebrities. It was also very glamorous as all the celebrities were dressed up smart and were wearing fancy dresses. This connotes they are rich and live exclusive lives as they can afford expensive clothes and come in very expensive cars. Another way the extract is a typical Hollywood event is as the interview is done by E! Entertainment. E! Entertainment Television is an American basic cable and satellite television network, owned by NBC Universal. It features entertainment-related programming, reality television, feature films and occasionally series and specials unrelated to the entertainment industry. They all relate to celebrity occasions such as the Oscars and celebrity birthdays.

4)       The extract promotes the film by Sacha Baron Cohen pulling of a stunt, he spilt the ashes on the interviewer and that was live on national television. This helped promote the film as a couple of years ago when before Sacha Baron Cohen released his film ‘Bruno’ he had pulled a stunt at a big event on which he came flying in from the roof and his buttocks landed on Eminem’s face. Another way he had promoted his film was by coming dressed as the main role of the film ‘the Dictator’ which had shown the audience it would be funny and was a comedy.    

CALL OF DUTY MW3 ANALYSIS

Media Forms: What codes and conventions does the trailer use to establish the text’s genre?
The genre of this text is war and action, call of duty is an action game that has got to do with war but a more modern style. This text uses low key lighting a uses many dull colours to show war and to show tension in the trailer, people convey war as dull and violent therefore the advert is very dull and shows a lot of shooting. The genre is also established through the text by each shot either being of scenery or the shot has to do with killing and bombs, this shows that the genre is war as all that is seen is rundown areas and a lot of killing. The genre is shown to the audience from the beginning as a sign comes up which says “Mature 17+ Blood and Gore, Drug Reference, Intense Violence and Strong Language” this shows that it is an action genre with a lot of violence as it is told to the viewer at the beginning. The age rating on this game also tells the viewer that it is has to do with violence and that it is a game that has got to do with killing. 


Media Representations: How is war represented in the trailer?
War is represented in many different ways in this trailer, most of the shots in the advert are of rundown areas and things that have been burnt, crashed or bombed for example the plane in the advert is split into two and is on fire at the same time. War is represented in a good way in this advert as well as a bad way as; it is represented in these two ways as this whole game is based on killing others such as the bad people, in this story of this game you are fighting as loads of different armies such as the English, German, American and Russian. Therefore when you are playing the game you are practically killing the bad guys which can be conveyed in a bad way. This game is not suitable for children as when children are young they are told that violence is wrong and this game is full of violence. Children should also not play this as their parents tell them war is bad but this contradicts everything that is being told to the child therefore this conveys war in a bad way as well.


Media Institutions: In what ways is the trailer typical of the video game industry?
This trailer is typical of the video game industry as they are using the hypodermic needle theory as they are putting in more and more information that the viewers would want to know to buy it as they are watching the trailer these new maps for the game make the customer want to buy it so they can be up to scratch with the game and by using this theory they are all wanting to buy it because they are getting to know everything about the game. Another typical thing is they keep advertising themselves within the game as infinity ward had made this game the sort of style their logo is in they have made the writing throughout the advert.


Media Audiences: Who does this text appeal to and what pleasures does it offer?
This text appeals to people the over the age of 17 as it has an age rating on it, this age rating is so that people under that age do not play as they might pick up wrong things and they infinity ward do not want children to be doing things that have happened in the game. This game has no certain gender market as boys and girls do play this game, personally I believe this game was intended for boys more than it was for girls but both genders play it. This game is mostly played for the online as people can communicate with a headset through the game. This advert uses the hypodermic needle theory as it shows the pleasures of playing the game and it shows that you can have loads of different guns, by showing this the viewers are just being fed with all of this information and are wanting to buy it more and more. 

NEXT advert

Media Forms

What techniques does the ad use to persuade the audience to shop in Next?

The advertisement uses various techniques to persuade the audience to shop in Next for example the long shots on the model. The long shots give a direct and complete view of the product. LS reveal a lot in terms of its quality and it shows every corner of "New York's rich fashion from the graffiti and street art to the city's cafe culture". This appeals to audiences because now they can experience "New York's rich fashion" in London.

 Low angle shot increases the reputation and the quality of the product which persuades the audiences to shop in Next because it has the quality products which you won't find anywhere but in Next.

Music used "Heart of Glass" released in the 80s which was one of the huge success by Blondie also gives an huge advantage to the brand as audience with the taste of 80s music identify with it.

Media Audiences

Who are the target audience for this ad?

The target audiences for this advert are primary audiences: Women- 18-25 year’s old appeals to women who want to explore the New York's rich fashion in Next, shopaholics, sophisticated, models. it is for this age as they are the ones that can afford these clothes as many other people do not have money for these sorts of clothes It also targets upper class, working women B/C (socio-economic) and 6-12 year old children. many of the people that will be attracted with this extract are people that love to shop and that are fans of the clothes from next. i also believe the target audience for this advert are ladies that want to look glamorous and pretty like these ladies and i believe that men might also watch this advert as their are pretty females in this text (female gaze)

Fifa 12

1) What techniques are used within this trailer to gain and keep the viewers attention?

There are many various techniques used Electronic Arts better known as EA, a company who develop sports video games. From the very start of the advert there is a use of the sonic logo, the Play station logo which makes the viewer associate with the iconic sound of Play station, this is a very effective technique used by EA to grab and hold the viewers attention as straight away anyone who has a Sony Play station product would be interested in this advert as they can relate to it. At the very end of this media text, again there is the use of this same technique however, in this case it is the use of the Electronic Arts logo which again is a very popular logo recognised by millions of people. This logo associates with one the most iconic slogans in the gaming history and if asked by any owner of a EA product they would instantly relate ‘It’s in the game’ to EA. This is very effective as EA is the most popular developers of sports video games and everyone recognises that they deliver quality to match the owner’s expectations. There is also the use of music which is very effective, as well as showing the Play station logo they also play the sound associated with it Sony Play station, in doing this they could be gaining the attention of audiences with a viewing disability or simply those who do not have their eyes on the TV or the screen of any other electronic device they may be viewing it on.  There is also the use of music from one of the most popular and famous Christmas carols jingle bells, this gives a very Christmassy feeling to this advert and makes it feel as if it is almost part of tradition to buy FIFA for Christmas, it could be considered that EA are using religion to promote their product. The famous footballers in the advert have not been chosen at random, they are no average footballers, they are all world class footballers who would be idols and icons for youngsters. This is very effective because the fact that youngsters look up to these players EA showing that these players want the game FIFA instead of socks, a puppy or any other typical Christmas present it would encourage the youngsters that look up to these footballers to do the same. The make FIFA seem more than just your ordinary Christmas present and the fact that these footballers are different nationality it can appeal to a wider audience on a more international region.    

2) How is the male gender represented in this trailer?

The male gender is almost represented to be child like within this advert. They show all these grown up footballers acting like children because they didn’t get what they wanted for Christmas. This makes it seem as if FIFA brings out the kid within you. In a way it also shows men to be a bit obsessive as they all want ‘THE BALL’ for Christmas. It is also very male dominant as there are only males who are shown to be playing football and only male footballers used in the advert, it is very stereotypical. the male gender is also represented in a number of different ways such as seeing that there are two professionals playing FIFA in front of a television screen shows EA being sexist, this is because there are no females playing the game and in the real world there are many females that play FIFA. another way male gender is represented is how EA show that the two football players are playing and this is escapism as they are playing a game that they are in so it shows to viewers that they could be in this as well.   

3) Who is the target audience
The primary target audience is males aged from about 13-24 year olds this is because even though football can be followed by a man of any age it would be someone between the ages of 13-24 who is likely to have a Sony Play station. It would mainly be targeted to the class C2, D and E. It may also be targeted to parents who have children as they might see their Childs role model they would see this as an ideal gift for their child. It may also attract them to buy this for this child as they show that FIFA is better than your typical Christmas present and your child would be happier getting FIFA for Christmas than any other gift. The fact that the Sony logo is shown a few times would be for getting the attention of the older viewers as Sony is a well recognized brand and everyone knows the high standards of Sony which could lead us to assume that it is also targeted to older audiences.

4) What values and characteristics of Footballers are shown in the trailer?
By this media text they make footballers seem very fun and festive, that they also enjoy the festival of Christmas. There is almost a child like feeling given to the footballers used in this advert as it shows them release their inner child because of this one game. For the younger viewers it may them a positive feeling towards them as they may believe that footballers are providing them with this game. this makes footballers look like ordinary people that are playing a game on Christmas, it shows the good side to footballers that most people never see as these footballers are mostly seen on the pitch and most the time when they are seen they are rude and rowdy and very serious. the side that footballers are real people seems like they are into a new world and this shows escapism. 

ANUVAHOOD trailer analysis

What techniques does the trailer use to catch and hold the attention of the viewers?

This trailer uses flashing images to catch the viewers’ attention, and also the trailer uses these flashing images to introduce all the main characters of this movie. This gives the viewers a good insight of who is in the film. Also funky colored text appears with different phrases for example “He thinks he’s got the moves” This draws in big attention to the viewers. Also the text appears with reviews from newspapers and a rating is given which shows viewers that this movie may be well known. this trailer also uses a lot of comedy aspects and this will get viewers watching as they have made two other films adulthood and kidulthood and this is the funnier version of it therefore as they are showing a lot of comedy in the advert many people would watch and they would also show their friends to watch it as well. another way it catches the eye of the audience is by using short and quick shots which are relevant for example when the all say Kenneth, many different actors of the film say his name but it has a quick and smooth flow to it.  

How are youths represented in the trailer?

The youths in this trailer are shown to be very uncaring, irresponsible and up to no good all the time. They are portrayed in a negative but funny sort of way. They are also seen as dangerous as in one of the scenes a young boy is carrying a knife to sort out his problems and this automatically gives a negative view on youths. the youths in this trailer are also portrayed to be not respectable as the main actor is talking to the shop keeper like he is some sort of idiot, this is very rude as it shows they do not respect their elders which is not always the case. of the elderly were to see this trailer it would have a bad impact on youths as they would think all youths are like that and they would feel that youths are not respectable at all.   

Who is this trailer aimed at?

This trailer is aimed at young youths around the same age of the young actors in this trailer. So the trailer is mostly aimed at teenagers and also young adults. There are a few scenes and strong language which also indicates that this film is aimed at an older target also the story to this film is very grown up and is another reason why it may be targeted at an older audience. this trailer is mostly for youngsters from the age 14 and over as they would all understand this comedy and as they would all enjoy it, another age group that would enjoy this are older people such as people that prefer a good comedy, this may be because it could take them back to their childhood and they could be out of reality and could have a sense of escapism.  

What characteristics of Hollywood can be seen in the trailer?

In this trailer there is barely any characterises which match up to a Hollywood trailer. This is obviously shown in this trailer as it is filmed in a council estate area and public transports are used whereas with a Hollywood trailer it would be set some where more posh. A characteristic which is Hollywood would be the review of a magazine of the movie and also this movie shows the film character’s name towards the end. This film is very low budget which is very opposite to a Hollywood movie.

GHD advert analysis

What techniques does the extract use to engage the audience?         

This extract engages the audience in many ways such as by using a fairy tale which everyone knows of. This fairy tale engages the audience as people that use GHD products are normally girls that are over the ages of 12. They would know the fairy tale as they would have heard the story when they were younger and for the main character to use the product it related to the story as it makes Rapunzel’s hair curly. Another way it engages the audience is by showing clips of the product which engages people that used the product.

The extract also uses background music which engages the audience by building tension. By building tension the audience would want to know what is at the end of the advert as it is very suspenseful and they are eager to know what has cause the suspense. This extract also engages males as there is a seductive woman in the advert which makes them want to watch as they are men that do anything to see seductive women. The woman is made out to be more attractive than the man in this extract as the man looks like a desperate man that would do anything to be with a good looking girl.     

How is sexuality represented in the extract?

Sexuality is represented in text in many different ways. One way is by the woman’s hair looking very good and this encourages other women to buy the product as they can feel that this product will help their hair. Another way sexuality is represented is by having a seductive woman in the advert as it shows that this product also helps women look good and better. Also by having a man desperate to save the woman shows that men will do anything to be with a good looking girl.

The man goes through a forest on a motorbike which is known to be very dangerous therefore it shows that the man will do anything to be with her and to save her as in the story of Rapunzel whatever knight saves her gets to be wither her for the rest of their life.

In what ways is the extract typical of the advertising industry?

It is a typical extract of the advertising industry as the advert copies a fairy tale story so the audience will understand the advert. Hollywood industries do this so that the product relates to a well-known thing. Another way it is typical is by using escapism; by using this the audience get into their own fairy tale and therefore it makes them buy the product as it makes them feel this product is out of the world.

It is typical as it also appeals to men as it has seductive women in the advert so that men watch it as well and therefore gets into the advert and also buy the product as gifts. Most adverts have sexy men and women in them so that the other sex that it does not appeal to also watch it so that the product is bought.  Another way it is typical is by having the brand and slogan at the end of the advert so that it shows that the product is made by a well-known brand which can make the audience aware that it is trusted.

Who does this text appeal to?

This text appeals to women and men. The way it is appealed to women is due to the fact that it is a women’s product and the extract is filmed in a way to make women think that if they buy a GHD this will lead to a fairy tale life. Another way it is appealed to women is by being a women’s product. Straighteners and curlers are used mostly by women and therefore women that use these products would want to have the latest product that is out at the moment.

It appeals to men as it has seductive women in the advert so that men watch it as well and therefore get into the advert and also buy the product as gifts. Most adverts have sexy men and women in them so that the other sex that it does not appeal to also watch it so that the product is bought.